{"id":1008616,"date":"2025-03-25T11:39:50","date_gmt":"2025-03-25T11:39:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unpop.ces.uc.pt\/?p=1008616"},"modified":"2025-03-25T11:51:09","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T11:51:09","slug":"nostalgia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unpop.ces.uc.pt\/en\/nostalgia\/","title":{"rendered":"NOSTALGIA"},"content":{"rendered":"
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By Lara Bonassoli<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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Nostalgia has its roots in the Greek words \u201cnostos\u201d (i.e., return home) and \u201calgia\u201d (i.e., painful condition) and it was considered as \u201chomesickness,\u201d a feeling of desire to be in one’s homeland. Nowadays, nostalgia can be defined as a sentimental affection for the past, and this brings sadness caused by the aspects of missing something. As an ambivalent feeling, it is a mixed emotion, both bitter and sweet, even if it is more positive than negative. Cognitive psychologists observed that it involves specific brain regions associated with self-reflection, autobiographical memory, emotion regulation, and reward.<\/p>\n

As mentioned before, nostalgia can be positive or negative. On the positive side, it enhances psychological well-being, increases authenticity, heightens the accessibility of the intrinsic self-concept, generates more inspiration, and aids in goal pursuit. It is also perceived as similar to self-compassion, pride, and gratitude, while
\ndissimilar to shame, guilt, and embarrassment. Nostalgia regulates coping with loneliness and social exclusion. On the other hand, it can cause psychological discomforts, such as pessimism, neuroticism, and boredom. It can lead a person to imagine how things could have turned out better (upward counterfactuals) or worse (downward counterfactuals). Besides emotions, it also has a social role, as it increases social-efficacy and the goal of being with others. It also has a political view and when we consider political nostalgia, it can be analyzed by individual and collective perspectives. Individually, nostalgia reduces generalized anti-immigrant sentiment, and those people are more concerned about acting prejudicially. Collectively, nostalgia can benefit an ingroup, as seen in populism, creating a sense of belonging and acceptance, but it also leads to outgroup rejection and exclusion.<\/p>\n

Nostalgia is used by populists leaders and this happens because they want to break the status quo and return to what it was before, to the lost home. Populism often focuses on derogating and showing prejudice against other groups, devising the \u2018us\u2019 versus \u2018them\u2019. To this extent, collective nostalgia pertains to a national group positively associated with opposition to immigrants across cultures<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Related References<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n

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Abeyta, Andrew A., Clay Routledge, and Jacob Juhl. 2015. \u201cLooking Back to Move Forward: Nostalgia as a Psychological Resource for Promoting Relationship Goals and Overcoming Relationship Challenges.\u201d Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 109 (6): 1029\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pspi0000036.<\/p>\n

Baldwin, Matthew, Monica Biernat, and Mark J. Landau. 2015. \u201cRemembering the Real Me: Nostalgia Offers a Window to the Intrinsic Self.\u201d Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 108 (1): 128\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0038033.<\/p>\n

Batcho, Krystine Irene. 2013. \u201cNostalgia: Retreat or Support in Difficult Times?\u201d American Journal of Psychology 126 (3): 355\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5406\/amerjpsyc.126.3.0355.<\/p>\n

Bialobrzeska, Olga, Andrew J. Elliot, Tim Wildschut, and Constantine Sedikides. 2019. \u201cNostalgia Counteracts the Negative Relation between Threat Appraisals and Intrinsic Motivation in an Educational Context.\u201d Learning and Individual Differences 69 (January): 219\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lindif.2018.04.011.<\/p>\n

Davis, Fred. 1979. \u201cYearning for Yesterday: Nostalgia, Art and the Society,\u201d 146. https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Yearning_for_Yesterday.html?hl=pt-BR&id=3zt-AAAAMAAJ.<\/p>\n

El\u00e7i, Ezgi. 2022. \u201cPolitics of Nostalgia and Populism: Evidence from Turkey.\u201d British Journal of Political Science 52 (2): 697\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0007123420000666.<\/p>\n

Hepper, Erica G., Tim Wildschut, Constantine Sedikides, Sara Robertson, and~Clay D. Routledge. 2021. \u201cTime Capsule: Nostalgia Shields Psychological Wellbeing from Limited Time Horizons.\u201d Emotion 21 (3): 644\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/emo0000728.<\/p>\n

Juhl, Jacob, and Marios Biskas. 2023. \u201cNostalgia: An Impactful Social Emotion.\u201d Current Opinion in Psychology 49 (February): 101545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COPSYC.2022.101545.<\/p>\n

Kelley, Nicholas J., William E. Davis, Jianning Dang, Li Liu, Tim Wildschut, and Constantine Sedikides. 2022. \u201cNostalgia Confers Psychological Wellbeing by Increasing Authenticity.\u201d Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 102 (September). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesp.2022.104379.<\/p>\n

Routledge, Clay, Tim Wildschut, Constantine Sedikides, and Jacob Juhl. 2013. \u201cNostalgia as a Resource for Psychological Health and Well-Being.\u201d Social and Personality Psychology Compass 7 (11): 808\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/spc3.12070.<\/p>\n

Sedikides, Constantine, and Tim Wildschut. 2019. \u201cThe Sociality of Personal and Collective Nostalgia.\u201d European Review of Social Psychology 30 (1): 123\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10463283.2019.1630098.<\/p>\n

Sedikides, Constantine, Tim Wildschut, Wing Yee Cheung, Erica G. Hepper, Kenneth Vail, Kenny Brackstone, Clay Routledge, Jamie Arndt, Xinyue Zhou, and Ad J.J.M. Vingerhoets. 2016. \u201cNostalgia Fosters Self-Continuity: Uncovering the Mechanism (Social Connectedness) and Consequence (Eudaimonic Well-Being).\u201d Emotion 16 (4): 524\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/emo0000136.<\/p>\n

Sedikides, Constantine, and Tim Wildschut. 2016. \u201cNostalgia: A Bittersweet Emotion That Confers Psychological Health Benefits.\u201d The Wiley Handbook of Positive Clinical Psychology, April, 125\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781118468197.CH9.<\/p>\n

Sedikides, Constantine, Tim Wildschut, Clay Routledge, Jamie Arndt, Erica G. Hepper, and Xinyue Zhou. 2015. \u201cTo Nostalgize: Mixing Memory with Affect and Desire.\u201d In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 51:189\u2013273. Academic Press Inc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.aesp.2014.10.001.<\/p>\n

Smeekes, Anouk, Jolanda Jetten, Maykel Verkuyten, Michael J.A. Wohl, Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti, Amarina Ariyanto, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique Autin, et al. 2018. \u201cRegaining In-Group Continuity in Times of Anxiety about the Group\u2019s Future: A Study on the Role of Collective Nostalgia Across 27 Countries.\u201d Social Psychology 49 (6): 311\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1864-9335\/a000350.<\/p>\n

Smeekes, Anouk, Maykel Verkuyten, and Borja Martinovic. 2015. \u201cLonging for the Country\u2019s Good Old Days: National Nostalgia, Autochthony Beliefs, and Opposition to Muslim Expressive Rights.\u201d British Journal of Social Psychology 54 (3): 561\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjso.12097.<\/p>\n

Summerville, Amy, and Neal J. Roese. 2008. \u201cDare to Compare: Fact-Based versus Simulation-Based Comparison in Daily Life.\u201d Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 44 (3): 664\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesp.2007.04.002.<\/p>\n

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (1974) New York: Pocket Books.<\/p>\n

The New Oxford Dictionary of English. (1998). (J. Pearsall, Ed). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.<\/p>\n

Werman, David S. 1977. \u201cNormal and Pathological Nostalgia.\u201d Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 25 (2): 387\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000306517702500205.<\/p>\n

Wildschut, Tim, Constantine Sedikides, and Anouk Smeekes. 2021. \u201cNOSTALGIA AND POPULISM: An Empirical Psychological Perspective.\u201d Zeithistorische Forschungen, no. 1: 125\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14765\/zzf.dok-2297.<\/p>\n

Yang, Ziyan, Keise Izuma, and Huajian Cai. 2023. \u201cNostalgia in the Brain.\u201d Current Opinion in Psychology. Elsevier B.V. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2022.101523.<\/p>\n

Yang, Ziyan, Tim Wildschut, Keise Izuma, Ruolei Gu, Yu L.L. Luo, Huajian Cai, and Constantine Sedikides. 2022. \u201cPatterns of Brain Activity Associated with Nostalgia: A Social-Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective.\u201d Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 17 (12): 1131\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsac036<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n

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Cite this entry as:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bonassoli, Lara<\/span><\/span>. 2025. \u2019Nostalgia<\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span> In <\/span><\/span>Populism<\/span>s<\/span> and Em<\/span>otion<\/span>s<\/span><\/span> Glossary<\/span><\/span><\/em>, edited by Cristiano Gianolla, Lisete M\u00f3nico, Maira Magalh\u00e3es Lopes and Maria Elena Indelicato<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>Available<\/span> at<\/span> https:\/\/unpop.ces.uc.pt\/<\/span>en<\/span>\/<\/span>gloss\u00e1rio<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lara Bonassoli<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[48],"tags":[65],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNOSTALGIA - UNPOP - UNpacking POPulism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nostalgia has its roots in the Greek words \u201cnostos\u201d (i.e., return home) and \u201calgia\u201d(i.e., painful condition) and it was considered as \u201chomesickness\u201d, a feeling of desire to be in one's homeland. 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